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​​​​ADP 3-28 & ADRP 3-28 Defense Support of Civil Authorities 

​​1. Q. What does ADP 3-28 cover?
A: Defense Support of Civil Authorities.

2. Q. What does the acronym DSCA stand for?
A: Defense Support for Civil Authorities.

3. Q. What is the definition of DSCA?
A: It is Support provided by Federal U.S. Military Forces, DOD Civilians, DOD Contractors, DOD Component Assets and National Guard Forces when the Secretary of Defense and in coordination with Governors of the Affected Areas either Elects or Requests the use of those Forces.

4. Q. What is the primary purpose of DSCA?
A: Save Lives, Alleviate Suffering, Protect Property.

5. Q. Who Commands the State National Guard forces?
A: the State Governor.

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​​6. Q. Who Commands Federal Military Forces?
A: The President.

7. Q. What are the primary Army Tasks for DSCA?
A: Provide Support for Domestic Disasters; Provide Support for CBRN Incidents; Provide Support to Domestic
Civilian Law Enforcement Agencies; Provide other Designated Support.

​8. Q. What is Presidential Policy Directive 8 (PPD 8)?
A:  A Policy Signed by the President to Strengthen the Security and Resilience of the United States through Systematic Preparation for the Threats that Pose the Greatest Risk to the Security of the Nation, including Acts of Terrorism, Cyber-Attacks, Pandemics, .

​9. Q. When was Presidential Policy Directive 8 Signed?

A: March 201.

10. Q. What does FEMA stand for?

A: Federal Emergency Management Agency.

11. Q. What is the Mission of FEMA?

A: Maintains National Doctrine for all aspects of Incident Management.

12. Q. What is the mission of the Army to support FEMA to accomplish their mission to support PPD 8?

A: Army Forces Operate as part of a larger National Effort characterized as Unified Action.

13. Q. What are the 3 documents that contain the National Preparedness Doctrine?

A: The National Preparedness Goal; The National Incident Management System (known
as the NIMS); The National Response Framework.

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14. Q. What are the 5 mission areas for the National Preparedness Goal?

A: Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery.

15. Q. What is the National Incident Management System?

A: a National Crisis Response System that provides a Consistent, Nationwide approach for Federal, State, Local, and Tribal Governments; the Private Sector;and Nongovernmental Organizations to work Effectively and Efficiently together to Prepare for, Respond to, and Recover from Domestic Emergencies.

​

16. Q. What does the National Response Framework define?

A: Principles, Roles, and Structures for Effective National Response.

17. Q. What do the three National Response Framework Documents together achieve?

A: Enable all Response partners to prepare for and provide a Unified National Response to Disasters and Emergencies.

18. Q. What does the National Preparedness Goal do?

A: Sets the Vision and Overall Policy for Nationwide Preparedness.

19. Q. What does National Incident Management System provide?

A: the Template for Managing Incidents at All Levels.

20. Q. What does National Response Framework provide?

A: Structure to National-Level Incident Management and Response Policy Under National Response Framework’s.

21. Q. What can Federal and State Governments activate to coordinate Response among numerous Government, Private Sector, and Military Partners?

A: Emergency Support Functions (ESF”s).

22. Q. What does ESF stand for?

A: Emergency Support Functions.

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23. Q. How many different ESF’s are there?

A: 15.

24. Q. What are the different 15 ESF’s?

A: 1. Transportation.

2. Communications.

3. Public Works and Engineering.

4. Firefighting.

5. Emergency Management.

6. Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services.

7. Logistics Management and Resource Support.

8. Public Health and Medical Services.

9. Search and Rescue.

10. Oil and Hazardous Materials Response.

11. Agriculture and Natural Resources.

12. Energy.

13. Public Safety and Security.

14. Long-Term Community Recovery.

15. External Affairs.

25. Q. What is the principal of a Tiered Response?

A: Each Level of Government maintains enough Capability to carry out its Responsibilities Specified by Law.

26. Q. Who are the key players in a Tiered Response?
A: Local, Tribal, State, Territorial, and Federal Governments.

27. Q. What are Federal Military Forces?
A: Active Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force; Mobilized Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force Reserve; and National Guard Mobilized for Federal Service.

28. Q. What are the 3 war fighting functions for DSCA?
A: Mission Command, Sustainment, and Protection.

29. Q. For a unit to have the ability to provide DSCA they must be proficient in what functions?
A: Mission Command, Sustainment, and Protection.

30. Q. Why is it Important for a unit to be proficient in mission command?
A: to Deploy into a Domestic Operational Environment and Operate with Joint and Interagency Partners.

31. Q. Why is it critical for a unit to be proficient in sustainment and prepared?
A: The Unit deliver Personnel, Medical Support, Supplies, and Equipment, while Maintaining their Equipment and Soldiers often in areas Devastated by a Disaster and Lacking Potable Water, Electrical Power, and Sanitation.

32. Q. What are the 3 purposes for Army support to DSCA?
A: Save Lives; Alleviate Suffering; Protect Property.

33. Q. What are four defining characteristics shape the actions of Commanders and Leaders in any mission to support DSCA?
A: State and Federal Laws define how Military Forces Support Civil Authorities; Civil Authorities are in Charge, and Military Forces Support them; Military Forces depart when Civil Authorities are able continue Without Military Support; Military Forces Must Document Costs of all Direct and Indirect Support Provided.

34. Q. Who should Commanders consult before authorizing Soldiers to execute any task outside the mission received through the Chain of Command?
A: their Staff Judge Advocate.

35. Q. Can Army Chaplains provide Religious Support for civilians outside the Department of Defense?
A: No, Unless Waived by Legal Authority, Laws Restrict Army Chaplains from Conducting Religious Support for Civilians Outside the Department of Defense.

36. Q. What does RUF stand for?
A: Rules for Use of Force and is Equivalent to Rules of Engagement.

37. Q. How is the RUF established?
A: According to State Laws.

38. Q. When must Leaders review the RUF with their subordinates?
A: Before Every Mission.

39. Q. What is the first purpose of DSCA?
A: to Save Lives.

40. Q. When is Lethal Force authorized?
A: As a Last Resort.

41. Q. Who is in charge during a DSCA mission?
A: the Supported Civil Authorities.

42. Q. What is the Army’s primary role in DSCA?
A: Only for Support.

43. Q. What is one of the biggest mistakes that tactical Commanders can make during DSCA?
A: to Assume they Need to Take Charge upon arrival at the Scene of an Incident.

44. Q. What is the Army’s end state to DSCA?
A: Means that State, Territorial, Local, and Tribal Authorities become able to Provide Effective Support to their Citizens Without the further Assistance from Military Forces.

45. Q. Can civilian agencies issue orders to Military units?
A: No.

46. Q. Why must units maintain a detailed record of operations, not just direct expenditures for any DSCA missions?
A: because Supported Civilian Agencies Must Reimburse Department of Defense for any Support provided.

47. Q. Who must reimburse the Army for DSCA support?
A: the Federal Agency Requesting Military Support.

48. Q. What sets the guidelines for reimbursements from Federal funds to Federal Agencies and States?
A: The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act.

49. Q. How much do States usually have to reimburse FEMA?
A: 25% according to Federal Law.

50. Q. What is the dual role of the Army National Guard?
A: a State Military Force Under the Governor, and as a Reserve Component of the Army that the President May Mobilize for Federal Service.

51. Q. What are the advantages of using the Army National Guard during DSCA?
A: Proximity, Responsiveness, Knowledge of Local Conditions, Tactical Flexibility in Domestic Environments, and Closer Association with State and Local Officials.

52. Q. What are the disadvantages of using the Army National Guard during DSCA?
A: Wide Distribution of Units between States, Limited Endurance, and the Limited Ability of the States to Fund them for Extended Periods.

53. Q. What are the Regular Army’s key capabilities for domestic support missions?
A: its Ability to Generate Large Forces Rapidly and Sustain them for Long Periods in an Emergency.

54. Q. What are the limiting factors when using the Regular Army?
A: Proximity, Legal Considerations, and Operational Commitments.

55. Q. What are the three categories of duty status apply to Domestic operations?

A: Federal Military Forces (also referred to as forces in title 10 status), National Guard Forces serving in title 32 status (conducting DSCA), and National Guard Forces serving in State Active Duty Status (conducting National Guard Civil Support).

56. Q. What are the Army’s four primary tasks associated with DSCA?
A: Provide Support for Domestic Disasters; Provide Support for Domestic Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear Incidents; Provide Support for Domestic Civilian Law Enforcement Agencies; Provide other designated support.

57. Q. What is an “Incident”?
A: an Occurrence, caused by Either Human Action or Natural Phenomena, that requires Action to Prevent or Minimize Loss of Life or Damage to Property and/or Natural Resources.

58. Q. What can be called in “Incident” IAW National Preparedness Doctrine?
A: Any Type of Domestic Disaster, Emergency, or Event requiring support.

59. Q. What are some examples of Natural Disasters that can provide advanced warning that may require support?
A: Hurricanes, Floods, Fires, Ice Storms, or Volcanic Eruptions.

60. Q. What are some examples of disasters that usually provide No warning?
A: an Earthquake or a Chemical Accident.

61. Q. Military response for disasters occurs at four levels what are they?
A: Governor for State National Guard Forces; a Declaration by the President; At the Direction of Secretaries of the Army, Navy, or Air Force; Through Immediate Response Authority.

62. Q. What is the Army’s role in providing support for responding to accidental or deliberate chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear Incidents?
A: Federal Military and State National Guard Forces would provide Specialized Capabilities and General-Purpose Forces.

63. Q. What is a Pandemic Disease outbreak?
A: a Global Disease Outbreak.

64. Q. What are Pandemic disease outbreaks also known as?
A: Pandemics.

65. Q. When does a Pandemic occur?
A: When a New Disease Emerges for which people have Little or No Immunity, and No Vaccine is Immediately Available .

66. Q. Can Army Soldiers act as enforcement officials to execute state or federal law and perform direct law enforcement functions?
A: No.

67. Q. What does the Posse Comitatus Act Prohibit?
A: the use of the Active Army, Air Force, he Marine Corps and Navy as Enforcement Officials to Execute State or Federal Law and perform Direct Law Enforcement Functions; Except as Expressly Authorized by the Constitution of the United States or by Another Act of Congress.

68. Q. Does the Posse Comitatus Act apply to State National Guard forces in State Active Duty Status and title 32 status?
A: No.

69. Q. Does the Posse Comitatus Act apply to the Coast Guard?
A: No.

70. Q. What are the two Categories for law enforcement support?
A: Direct and Indirect Support.

71. Q. Can the active Army provide direct support to law enforcement?
A: No.

72. Q. Can the Army provide indirect support to law enforcement?
A: Yes.

73. Q. What is indirect support to law enforcement?
A: Logistical, Transportation, and Training Assistance Except when Emergency Authority Applies.

74. Q. What is direct support to law enforcement?
A: Enforcing the Law and Engaging in Physical Contact with Offenders.

75. Q. Can National Guard forces provide direct support of civilian law enforcement?
A: Yes.

76. Q. What are some examples of other designated support?
A: National Special Security Events, Olympics, Inaugurations, or State Funerals.

77. Q. What is an example of a mission that federal or state national guard forces receive on a regular basis?
A: Firefighting on Federal, State, and Local Undeveloped Land (Wildland Firefighting).

78. Q. What are some activities that Soldiers have supported in the past because of a shortage in labor or an Increase in demand?
A: Skilled Soldiers replaced Striking Air Controllers in the Federal Aviation Administration until Newly Hired Civilians Completed Training. Soldiers have Moved Coal during Strikes or Even Operated Key Commercial Enterprises when National Security Considerations Justified such Extreme Action.

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